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The Golden Quadrilateral is a highway network connecting many of the major industrial, agricultural and cultural centres of India. A quadrilateral of sorts is formed by connecting Chennai, Kolkata, Delhi and Mumbai, and hence its name. Other metropolises also connected by the network are Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Bhubaneswar, Jaipur, Kanpur, Pune, Surat, Guntur, Vijayawada, and Visakhapatnam. The largest highway project in India and the fifth longest in the world, started by NDA Government led by then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee〔()〕 it is the first phase of the National Highways Development Project (NHDP), and consists of building four/six lane express highways at a cost of .〔() Road network-Source-The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)〕 The project was launched in 2001 by Atal Bihari Vajpayee under the NDA government, and was completed in 2012.〔(Golden Quadrilateral Highway Network ). Road Traffic Technology (2011-06-15). Retrieved on 2013-12-06.〕 The vast majority of the Golden Quadrilateral (GQ) is not access controlled, although safety features such as guardrails, shoulders, and high-visibility signs are in use. The GQ project is managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) under the Ministry of Road, Transport and Highways. The Mumbai-Pune Expressway, the first controlled-access toll road to be built in India is a part of the GQ Project though not funded by NHAI, and separate from the main highway. Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services (IL&FS) has been one of the major contributors to the infrastructural development activity in the GQ project. ==History and costs== Then-Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee laid the foundation stone for the project on 6 January 1999. In January 2012, India announced the four-lane GQ highway network as complete.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=The Indian Express )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Highways Development Project Map )〕 India's government had initially estimated that the Golden Quadrilateral project would cost at 1999 prices. However, the highway has been built under-budget. As of August 2011, cost incurred by Indian government was about half of initial estimate, at . The eight contracts in progress, as of August 2011, were worth .〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=The Financial Express )〕 In September 2009, it was announced that the existing four-laned highways would be converted into six-lane highways. The expansion project was reported at various stages to be behind schedule, mainly due to land acquisition constraints and disputes with contractors which had to be re-negotiated.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Golden Quadrilateral still has miles to go )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=R.N. Bhaskar )〕 Sections of NH 2, NH 5 and NH 8 have now been prioritized for further widening to six lanes under DBFO (Design, Build, Finance, Operate) pattern and more sections would be six-laned in the near future. On NH 8 six-lane work is completed from Vadodara to Surat. The Hosur-Krishnagiri stretch of the Bengaluru-Chennai stretch is being expanded from four lanes to six lanes by Reliance Infrastructure. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Golden Quadrilateral」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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